Al-Walaa’ (Allegiance and Support) and al-Baraa’ (Enmity and disavowal)
The definition of Al-Wala’: it is the support, love, honoring, and respect among allies internally and externally. Allâh said :
, "اللَّهُ وَلِيُّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا يُخْرِجُهُمْ مِنْ الظُّلُمَاتِ إِلَى النُّورِ وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَوْلِيَاؤُهُمْ الطَّاغُوتُ يُخْرِجُونَهُمْ مِنْ النُّورِ إِلَى الظُّلُمَاتِ أُوْلَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ"
- meaning – “Allâh is the Protector (Supporter) of those who have faith: from the depths of darkness He will lead them forth into light. Of those who reject faith the patrons are the Evil Ones: from light they will lead them forth into the depths of darkness. They will be Companions of the Fire, to dwell therein (forever).” So the allegiance of disbelievers means approaching to them and showing love and respect to them in word, deed and intention.
- meaning – “Allâh is the Protector (Supporter) of those who have faith: from the depths of darkness He will lead them forth into light. Of those who reject faith the patrons are the Evil Ones: from light they will lead them forth into the depths of darkness. They will be Companions of the Fire, to dwell therein (forever).” So the allegiance of disbelievers means approaching to them and showing love and respect to them in word, deed and intention.
The definition of al-Baraa’: It is being far away, hostile, and free of after excuses and warnings.
Ibn Taimiyah said, “The believer should antagonize for the sake of Allâh, support for the sake of Allâh. Moreover, if unjust is ever committed by the ally, then this should not pledge the belief support once existed, Allâh said,
“وَإِنْ طَائِفَتَانِ مِنْ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْتَتَلُوا فَأَصْلِحُوا بَيْنَهُمَا”
- meaning – ‘If two parties among the believers fall into a quarrel, make you peace between them.'
Therefore, He considered them brothers in spite of fight and wrong behavior that existed, and He ordered others to reconcile between them. See now O believer: your believer brother should be supported even if he wrongly behaved with you, while the disbeliever should be antagonized even if he well treated with you. In fact, Allâh has sent His Messenger, and descended His Books to make all and every kind of worship be for Allâh Alone, and make the support be for His patrons and the enmity be for His enemies. And let the honor and the reward be for His patrons and the insult and the punishment be for His enemies.
If someone, for instance, has both good and evil, obedience and disobedience, Sunnah and bid’a, then he deserves love and support as much as he acquires good traits, and deserves enmity as much as he acquires evil traits. So, the two necessities of honor and insult may gather in one person, such as the thief whose hand should be cut and should be given from the Muslim treasury to satisfy his needs. This is the basis on which Ahl as-Sunnah wal-Jama’ah (people who follow the Prophet’s Tradition and gather for that), and other parties contradicted with this basis like al-Khawaarij and al-Mu’tazilah.”
Moreover Ahl As-Sunnah are free from those who antagonized Allâh or His Messenger even if they were the most intimate relatives. Allâh said,
"لا تَجِدُ قَوْمًا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ يُوَادُّونَ مَنْ حَادَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَلَوْ كَانُوا آبَاءَهُمْ أَوْ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ أَوْ إِخْوَانَهُمْ أَوْ عَشِيرَتَهُمْ"
- meaning – “Verily, You will not find any people who believe in Allâh and the Last Day, loving those who resist Allâh and His Messenger, even though they were their fathers or their sons, or their brothers, or their kindred,”
and He said,
“وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتُ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ بَعْضٍ”
- meaning – “The believers, men and women, are supporters, one of another.”
Until we heard some people, who claim that they know the Islamic Message (Da’wah), one of the Arabic radio stations said, “…the Nasara are our brothers,” we did not realize how many people were ignorant of the principle of Al Walaa Wal Baraa. They do not realize how dangerous their words are!
Shaykhul-Islaam Ibn Taymiyyah, rahimahullaah, said:
"Wilaayah (closeness) is the opposite of 'adaawah (enmity). The root of wilaayah is love and intimacy, and the root of 'adaawah is enmity and being distant."
Shaykh 'Abdul-Lateef aalush-Shaykh, rahimahullaah, said:
"The root of walaa is love and the root of 'adaa is enmity. From them both spring actions of the hearts and the limbs. Those [actions] that enter into the reality of walaa and baraa include: the giving of help, socialising, co-operation, jihaad, migrating, and their like."
So walaa and baraa are necessary consequences of the kalimah - as is proven from the Book and the Sunnah. Some of the evidences from the Book of Allaah include:-
"Let not the Believers take the unbelievers as intimate friends and helpers (awliyaa) in preference to the Believers. Whoever does so will never be helped by Allaah in any way; unless you fear a danger from them. And Allaah warns you against punishment from Himself. And to Allaah is the final return." [Soorah Aal-'Imraan 3:28].
"Say: If you do love Allaah, follow me. Allaah will love you; forgive you your sins. Allaah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. Say: Obey Allaah and the Messenger, but if they turn away, then know that Allaah does not love the unbelievers." [Soorah Aal-'Imraan 3:31-32].
"They desire that you reject faith and disbelieve; as they have rejected faith, and thus that you all become equal and like one another. So do not take intimate friends from amongst them, until they believe and migrate in the Path of Allaah." [Soorah an-Nisaa 4:89].
"O you who Believe! Do not take the jews and the christians as friends and protectors; they are friends and protectors one to another. Whoever takes them as friends is one of them. Indeed, Allaah does not guide a wrong-doing people." [Soorah al-Maa'idah 5:51].
"O you who Believe! Whoever turns back from his Religion; know that in his place Allaah will bring a people whom He loves and who love Him; humble towards the Believers, and stern against the unbelievers, fighting in the Path of Allaah and not fearing the blame of the blamers." [Soorah al-Maa'idah 5:54].
The Prophet sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam said:
"Be sincere to every Muslim, and dissociate from the unbelievers."
"The strongest hand-hold of faith is to love and hate for the sake of Allaah."
Ibn 'Abbaas radiallaahu 'anhu said:
Shaykh 'Abdur-Rahmaan ibn Hasan said about the above saying:
"It will not benefit them, rather it will actually harm them; just as Allaah, the Exalted, said:
"Friends on that day will be enemies one to another; except the pious." [Soorah az-Zukhruf 25:67].
Shaykh Sulaymaan ibn 'Abdullaah, rahimahullaah, also commented:
"His saying: "has walaa for Allaah's sake" explains the necessity of loving for the sake of Allaah, which means: expressing allegiance. It also indicates that mere love alone is not sufficient. Rather, it is essential that along with this love, there should be allegiance, which is a necessary consequence of this love. This entails assisting, honouring, respecting and being with those whom you love inwardly and outwardly. His saying: "and 'adaa for Alaah's sake" explains the necessity of hating for the sake of Allaah, which means: displaying enmity by actions such as jihaad against the enemies of Allaah; dissociation from them; and being far from them, both inwardly and outwardly. It indicates to the fact that mere hatred in the heart does not suffice. Rather it is essential, that along with this, there should be a manifestation of its requirements; just as Allaah, the Most High, said:
"Indeed there is for you an excellent example in the Prophet Ibraaheem and those with him, when they said to their people: Indeed we are free from you and whatever you worship besides Allaah; we have rejected you, and there has arisen between us and you enmity and hatred, until you believe and worship Allaah alone." [Soorah al-Mumtahanah 60:4]."
Many of us nowadays behave in ways that often show the weak and confused nature of our love and hate towards the adherents of Islam and false religions. We should know that both the requirement and concept of al-Walaa and a-Baraa stems from the shahaadah. It is a matter of faith and thus of fundamental importance.
The believers are brothers in the Deen and ‘Aqeedah, even though they may not be relatives, from the same country, or from the same generation. Allah said,
And those who came after them say: "Our Lord! Forgive us and our brethren who have preceded us in Faith, and put not in our hearts any hatred against those who have believed. Our Lord! You are indeed full of kindness, Most Merciful. [Al Hashr 59:10]
So, the believers, from the initial generation of mankind to the last, are brothers. The last follow the first and they ask Allah’s forgiveness for each other.
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